Exercise 4.1: Calculating Subnets

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Exercise 4.1: Calculating Subnets

This exercise helps you use the Windows Calculator to calculate a custom subnet mask. You have been assigned a network address of 149.3.0.0. You want to set up a network with 45 subnets, and you expect no more than 1,000 hosts on each subnet.

1.	Open the Windows Calculator (located under Programs, Accessories).
2.	From the View menu, choose Scientific. Note the default numbering scheme is decimal, denoted by the Dec button.
3.	Enter the number of subnets required plus 1.
4.	Convert the number to binary by selecting the Bin button.
5.	Write the number of bits required to express this number in binary.
6.	Write an 8-bit binary number, with 1s for the upper digits and 0s for the lower digits. Use the number of 1s as determined in step 5 and the number of 0s remaining to make it an 8-bit number.
7.	In the Windows Calculator, make sure the Bin button is selected.
8.	Enter the 8-bit binary number.
9.	Convert the number to decimal by selecting the Dec button.
10.	Write down the decimal result.
11.	Use this decimal result to specify a custom subnet mask for this network.

To determine the number of hosts possible for this network, in the Windows Calculator, enter 2, select x^y, then enter the number of bits remaining for the host IDs. Select = to calculate the result and subtract 2 to determine the total number of hosts possible on each subnet with this subnet mask.

Answers for Exercise 4.1:

4.	The binary equivalent of 47 decimal is 101111.
5.	This requires 6 bits.
6.	The subnet mask for this octet is 11111100.

10. The decimal equivalent of 11111100 is 252.

11.	The resulting subnet mask for a class B network is 255.255.252.0.
12.	The number of hosts on each subnet is 1022, 2^10 2.

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