Zone Files

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Zone Files

The DNS database is stored in files called zones. It’s possible, even desirable, to break the DNS database in a number of zones. Breaking the DNS database into zones was part of the original design goals of DNS. With multiple zones, the load of providing access to the database is spread among a number of servers. Also, the administrative burden of managing the database is spread out, because different administrators manage only the parts of the DNS database stored in their own zones. A zone can be any portion of the domain name space; it doesn’t have to contain all the subdomains for that part of the DNS tree. Zones can be copied to other name servers through replication. With multiple zones, smaller amounts of information are copied when zone files are replicated than would be if the entire domain was located in one zone file.

Figure 12.4 shows a DNS domain, erudite.com, that is broken into several zones. Because this domain could be very large, splitting it into zones enables the administrators to manage smaller zone files that are located where the administrators work instead of in some central location. Also, because the files are smaller, less network traffic is generated as the zone files are copied from server to server. In fact, if the entire domain is located in one zone file, each time a change is made to the zone file the entire file must be copied to other DNS Servers that are configured to received a copy.

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