Troubleshooting Utilities

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Troubleshooting Utilities

The previously discussed utilities provide basic connectivity ser-vices between Windows NT systems and remote host systems. The following utilities are diagnostic and troubleshooting tools for connectivity between heterogeneous systems.

Most of these utilities are discussed elsewhere in the book. For example, the NBTSTAT utility is discussed in detail in Chapter 7, and NSLOOKUP is discussed in detail in Chapter 13.

These utilities provide debugging and troubleshooting information to determine the cause of a connectivity failure between Microsoft clients and remote host computers. This section does not cover all possible debugging tools—indeed, a separate book could be written on this topic.

In addition to debugging utilities, the following suggestions can be of considerable use when troubleshooting:

If TCP/IP cannot communicate from a Microsoft host to a remote host system, the utilities discussed in this chapter will not work correctly.
If the systems are on different subnets, and cannot communicate, remember that TCP/IP requires routing to communicate between subnets.
If the systems previously were able to communicate, but can no longer communicate, suspect either your router(s) or changes in software configuration.
Utilities that require user names and passwords on the remote host need a user account on the remote system. If you have an account on a Windows NT system, the remote host system does not know or care. Trust relationships are not the same as achieving connectivity.
On Windows NT computers, never forget to consult the Event Viewer. Any messages that are out of the ordinary may provide valuable clues to the cause of the problem.

Although the following tools are not strictly related to connectivity in heterogeneous environments, these tools are useful in troubleshooting almost any TCP/IP network.

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